Recording small objects in 3D at high-resolution is fiendishly difficult. Factum Foundation were commissioned to produce a facsimile of the bell for Horace Walpole's recently restored Strawberry Hill House. Although once believed to have been the work of the Italian sculptor Benvenuto Cellini, the bell is now firmly attributed to the German goldsmith Wenzel Jamnitzer. The Jamnitzer or "Cellini" Bell is a tiny silver bell thronging with insects, lizards and all manner of plants cast in fine relief. The technique continues to evolve: for example, long- and close-range photogrammetric recording is now being coupled with drone technology to facilitate the documentation of large cultural heritage sites – operators are able to photograph at heights and angles otherwise impossible to reach without scaffolding. In the 21st century, advancements in computer processing power have resulted in the rapid growth of close-range photogrammetry, which can be used to capture both the shape and fine surface detail of 2.5D and 3D objects. Long-range or ‘aerial’ photogrammetry was developed in the 19th and 20th centuries as a cartographic tool to produce three-dimensional maps of the surface of the earth. Photogrammetry is also inherently ‘portable’ – in most cases the equipment (camera, tripod, flashes) can fit into a small camera bag, making it a particularly useful tool for recording at remote or dangerous sites. The technique has a number of advantages over traditional 3D scanning technologies, including the possibility of recording colour information at the same time as 3D data. Under ideal conditions, photogrammetry can record 3D data of a surface to an resolution of 100 microns, on par with other close-range 3D recording systems available today.įactum Foundation currently employs photogrammetry – sometimes combined with white-light or LiDAR data – to produce geometrically precise, but also highly detailed, 3D models of artworks. The skill of the operator, the quality and number of images captured and the distance of the camera sensor to the surface of the object also play a large role in determining the resolution and detail of the 3D data. In general, the better the camera sensor and resolution capacity of the lens, the better the data will be.
However, in order to produce the kind of high-resolution 3D models that accurately capture the geometry and surface detail of an object, a high level of skill is required for both data recording and data processing.
Photogrammetry photoscan free#
Photogrammetry is a fundamentally democratic technology: it can be done by anyone with a phone camera and access to free photogrammetry software. The digital 3D model can be used for study or outputted as a physical object via 3D printing or CNC milling.
Photogrammetry photoscan software#
It involves taking hundreds of overlapping photographs of an object from many different angles and processing them using specialised software such as Realit圜apture (RC) or Agisoft PhotoScan. Photogrammetry is a 3D recording technique that employs 2D images to create a 3D model of an object or surface. 'Point cloud' of the Three Graces by Antonio Canova © Factum Foundation
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